This study was conducted to assess the effect of RANGELAND DEDICATION. The research population included all the RANGELAND owners (N=45) and all the pasture experts (N=32) .Moreover, data was gathered through two main methods, i.e. library, documentary and field methods. The viewpoints and suggestions of professors, researchers and experts were used for the purpose of determining the validity of questionnaire. Based on Kerenbakh Alpha Coefficient, the results of questionnaire reliability was determined 0.89 and 0.91 for the questions relating to pasture owners and experts, respectively. The result of Spearman correlative coefficient indicated that the relation between the variables of: beneficiary literacy, beneficiary training, improving economic capability of beneficiary family through granting credits, improving economic capability of beneficiary family through breeding and reclamation of pastures, and improving economic capability of exploiters’ family through combination of cultivation and animal husbandry, decreasing livestock, executive effective regulations, and improving economic capability of exploiters’ family through productive plans with variable of level of success in RANGELAND privatization in the form of pasture management plans is positive.The results gained from Man - Whitney examination indicate that there is no meaningful difference between the viewpoint of experts and pasture owners concerning the level of success in RANGELAND privatization in the form of pasture management plans and both groups have similar opinion. The results gained from multivariable regression in stepwise method show that the variables of improving economic capability of beneficiary capability had have positive effect on level of success in RANGELAND privatization in the form of pasture management plans by combination of cultivation and animal husbandry, beneficiary training, improving economic capability of exploiters’ family through pastures breeding and reclamation and decreasing the number of livestock.

Background: DEDICATION is one of the components of professional nursing. However, no clear consensus exists on the definition of DEDICATION in nursing, and it is difficult to understand and operationalize this concept in clinical settings. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the concept of DEDICATION in nursing. Methods: This concept analysis was done using the hybrid model from February to June 2021. In the theoretical phase, the existing literature on DEDICATION in nursing was reviewed in international databases of PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest, Ovid, and Scopus. The keywords were “, DEDICATION”,and “, nursing”, . After excluding duplicate and irrelevant records, 34 documents were reviewed. In the field phase, semistructured interviews were conducted with six nurses to gather new qualitative data on their experiences of DEDICATION. In the integration phase, the findings of the earlier phases combined to provide a comprehensive definition of the concept. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: DEDICATION in nursing was defined as a feeling and state of mind and heart, like an untiring commitment that is the art and essence of nursing. It is caring from one's heart with all human beings and technical resources available, doing beyond regular work hours and organizational and legal duty. This act usually happens without expectation for any reward or incentives in such a way that may lead to neglecting one's own needs. Conclusion: This concept analysis can be a good guide for nurses, teachers, and managers to know the meaning of DEDICATION and recognize how to breed the spirit of DEDICATION in nursing and prevent its negative consequences.

Improving the level of culture and education is one of the objectives of dedicators who seek God's satisfaction and the well-being of societies. This objective is fulfilled either by the construction and DEDICATION of educational institutions or by assigning some DEDICATIONs for Supporting their constructional or human costs, so that the activities of cultural and educational centers may continue. Through a descriptive-analytic method, this article studies waqf (DEDICATION) in Tehran in Qajar and Pahlavi eras according to the existing information and data on educational dedicating and DEDICATIONs. The results show that until 1893(1316 lunar year)in Qajar era, dedicators were mainly engaged in constructing and dedicating religious schools and a few traditional primary schools (maktabkhaneh) and assigned some DEDICATIONs for managing their costs. Since 1893, having become familiar with the Western culture, the Iranian people turned to the construction and DEDICATION of modern schools and also assigned some additional educational DEDICATIONs for managing their costs. In Pahlavi era, DEDICATION for religious education found new forms such as the development of Islamic educational-academic measures, as well as the publication of religious press; moreover, there were DEDICATIONs for modern sciences in higher levels of education, i. e. universities. Another development deals with the establishment of charity foundations that contributed to the promotion of the social culture and education as well.

Among the various types of waqf, both traditional and modern, the scientific endowment has a long range of social and cultural functions. Studies on the history of waqf and charity in Birjand reveal numerous evidences of the actions of scientific scholars at various socio-cultural levels. The purpose of this paper is to investigate different types and instances of scientific endowment in Birjand by descriptive-analytical method. The findings of this study show that the cultural identity of the city is the result of the development and development of various forms of scientific endowment in traditional and modern forms. Another achievement of this study is the diversity of the social and gender base of scientific scholars in the region, as well as the capacity of this line in terms of social and cultural capital.

DEDICATION as a process of transferring assets with a benevolent intention if rational planning and management can be a capital for the development of social and geographical space. In fact, DEDICATION is mainly capital goods, including money, land and real estate, which can play a significant role in the calculation of the capital accumulation of any geographical area. The present paper attempts to analyze the geographical distribution of DEDICATION in selected Counties. This research has been done through documentary study. Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to represent the spatial distribution of duplicate capital. Finally, it can be concluded that there is inequality in the distribution and accumulation of capital DEDICATION between regions. Also, the model of accumulation and accumulation of capital in the geographical area of the province indicates a "polar pattern". In other words, the pole of the capital goods can be seen in the center of the province with a great difference. Therefore, it can be expected that the effectiveness of DEDICATION in the space economy and human welfare will have a significant difference between regions.

Introduction & Research Objectives: This study attempts to investigate structural equations model involving factors affecting endowment in endowment and charity organization of Iran. Research method: Practical with quantitative data type, method of data collecting was descriptive survey-correlational, simple random sampling method was used in addition to data collection tools including library studies and field data collection and a researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire consisting 7 components and 56 indices were compiled and then based on a quantitative study with 482 statistical samples, the content validity of the questionnaire was approved. Structural equation modeling was also used to extract the final model. Structural equation analysis was performed by AMOS software. Findings: The findings of the quantitative section were a good fit for the structural model with the statistical population data and the mentioned model has a good justification in the statistical population. Conclusion: All of the above factors have significant effect on the development of endowment culture. Regression coefficients (path coefficients) were significant at 99 percentage confidence level and showed a significant positive effect on the development of endowment culture.

Citizenship as a social phenomenon is a central component of modern democratic political systems and key indicators to demonstrate democracy in a modern society. Citizenship requires a sense of community membership. Cultural and social development and active citizenship require active citizens and active citizenship requires a sense of citizenship. Current study is an evaluation about the role of social capital and cultural capital in the sense of citizenship among people of Kashan. The sample size for this study was 318 citizens and for conducting a questionnaire -based survey method for assessing the validity Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used. In this paper, four dimensions were considered for sense of citizenship, they are a sense of equality of opportunity , equality of distributive sense , sense of equality of participation, and a sense of social identity, Based on the results, sense of Kashanian citizensWith an average of 2.47 in the range of 1-4 is in average level. Social capital, including trust, integrity, collaboration and social knowledge with an average of 2.98 in the range of 1-5 and cultural capital with a moderate level of mental, physical and institutional, With an average of 1/88 in the range of 1-5 are also below average. Research findings show relationship between social capital, the sense of citizenship and cultural capital. This means that the greater degree of social capital and cultural capital among citizens would lead to more of a sense of citizenship.

Forage growing natural areas DEDICATION to villagers in the framework of codified scientific plans could play an important role in the livelihood of villagers and the assessment of this plans result in noticeable help to planners to obtaining participation of rural stakeholders and will led to natural areas conservation. This study aimed to assess the effect of natural areas DEDICATION to rural stakeholders in the framework of codified scientific plans from the standpoint of stakeholders and experts. This study was carried out based on survey methods. The number of samples was determined 37 stakeholders absent in RANGELAND ranches and 40 experts using the Cochran formula which have selected in random-categorizing method. Data analysis was performed using Spearman correlation coefficient and regression analysis in SPSS version 16. The results showed that the relation between the variables of: stakeholder's training, improving economic capability of stakeholder's family through RANGELAND improvement and restoration plans, improving economic capability of stakeholder's family through combination of cultivation and ranching and improving economic capability of stakeholder's family through granting credits with the level of success in forage growing natural areas DEDICATION to rural stakeholders in the framework of codified scientific plan are statistically significant at the level 0. 01. The results gained from multiple regression analysis by stepwise method show that mentioned independent variables, specified 79 percent of effective factors on the success of forage growing natural areas DEDICATION to rural stakeholders. Despite the economic problems of stakeholders in natural areas, we recommend special attention to create jobs and attract young workers in participation of codified scientific plans. Despite the economic problems of stakeholders in natural areas, we recommend special attention to create jobs and attract young workers in participation of codified scientific plans.

RANGELANDs are ecosystems with various services and functions in addition to providing forage. Among the most important uses that can be made of RANGELAND are tourism, livestock grazing, and beekeeping. In this study, livestock grazing, tourism in customary systems, beekeeping, and exploitation of medicinal plants in the Lar Absar RANGELAND of Mazandaran were studied, and the suitability of the RANGELAND for each type of use was scored. RANGELAND management methods and grazing systems were presented according to the condition and orientation of the RANGELAND and taking into account soil limiting factors. Then, the priority of using the RANGELANDs was determined for each of them. Expenses, income, and net profit for each type of use were calculated based on market day conditions and the exchange rate in 1400 for 100 days. The results showed that livestock grazing is one of the appropriate exploitations in Lar Absar RANGELAND, and the best grazing livestock (according to vegetation and environmental factors) is sheep. Some types of plants can be well managed by using the natural grazing method and another part of the RANGELANDs with the balanced grazing method and intermittent and delayed grazing systems in order to increase the level of productivity and improve the condition of the RANGELANDs and with a plan for the productivity of the management. It is possible to properly and cheaply manage the RANGELANDs of this system and improve its plant composition. The results showed that if livestock grazing is done in the RANGELANDs, 42. 7 million Tomans of income will be grazed, and tourism, beekeeping, and extraction of medicinal plants will be implemented. Around 380 million Tomans (15200 $) will be added to the ranger income. This increase in income can improve the livelihood of the user. In RANGELAND, fencing, beekeeping, the use of hives, and medicinal use, the machine for harvesting medicinal plants is recommended.